Tap to unmute. Ferdinand II (9 Julie 1578 – 15 Februar 1637), a member o the Hoose o Habsburg, wis Haly Roman Emperor (1619–1637), Keeng o Bohemie (1617–1619, 1620–1637), an Keeng o … He married Eleonore Gonzaga (1598-1655) 1622. Leopold I (full name: Leopold Ignaz Joseph Balthasar Felician; Hungarian: I. Lipót; 9 June 1640 – 5 May 1705) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia. He confiscated the estates of the rebel magnates, reduced the Diet to impotence by a new constituent ordinance (1627), and forcibly catholicized Bohemia. During the first decade of the Thirty Years’ War, Ferdinand strengthened his position by transferring the Palatinate’s electoral office to Maximilian of Bavaria. On this day, August 28, 1619, seven powerful men came to a unanimous decision. Omissions? John: 19 October 1537 – 20 March 1538 Died in infancy. Due to lengthy debate and bureaucratic procedure, the Imperial Diet did not accept the Imperial succession until 3 May 1558. The second son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, by his first wife, Maria Anna of Spain, Leopold became heir apparent in 1654 by the death of his elder brother Ferdinand IV. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styria [now in Austria]—died February 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (1619–37), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (1617–19, 1620–27), and king of Hungary (1618–25). Yet by maintaining the country’s historical provinces and estates, after their subjugation, he preserved the principle of federalism in Austria. 1619-08-28 Ferdinand II elected Holy Roman Emperor (rules till 1637) 1620-02-04 Prince Bethlen Gabor of Hungary signs peace with Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II 1621-12-13 Emperor Ferdinand II delegates 1st anti-Reformation decree 1621-12-31 Hungarian King Bethlen Gabor and Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II sign the Treaty of Mikulov Archduke of Austria; from 1590 nominal ruler of the Inner Austrian dominions, actual ruler from 1596; King of Bohemia (from 1617 – with an interruption from 1619 to 1620), King of Hungary (from 1618); from 1619 Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and ruler of … Born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria, and was baptised as Ferdinand Ernst. Ferdinand’s Roman Catholic contemporaries considered him a saintlike monarch; his Protestant opponents feared him as a tyrant. Author of. (* 9. Though Ferdinand II was made the Holy Roman Emperor on August 28, 1619, he only received support from Poland, Spain, and a few German princes. Son: 21 April 1539 Stillborn. He was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky. Ferdinand II. Henry III (28 October 1016 – 5 October 1056), called the Black or the Pious, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1046 until his death in 1056. The Pope refused to recognize Ferdinand as Emperor until 1559, when peace was reached between France and the Habsburgs. She served as regent of Spain in the absence of her father Emperor Charles V from 1548 until 1551, and in the absence of her brother Philip II… In the same year, Ferdinand was recognized by the Bohemian Diet as king of Bohemia and in 1618 was elected king of Hungary. Yet in the face of the shifting fortunes of war, he showed much steadfastness, although he often lacked political agility. Ferdinand II (1578-1637) was Holy Roman emperor from 1619 to 1637. Ferdinand II (July 9, 1578 – February 15, 1637), of the House of Habsburg, ruled as Holy Roman Emperor (1619-1637), King of Bohemia (1617-1619, 1620-1637), King of Hungary (1618-1625). An indecisive man, he depended much on the influence of his counselors and his Jesuit confessors. Maximilian II (31 July 1527 – 12 October 1576), a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria, and was baptised as Ferdinand Ernst. Charles's son and successor Ferdinand II in 1619 became Archduke of Austria and Holy Roman Emperor as well as King of Bohemia and Hungary in 1620. Ferdinand I (Spanish: Fernando I) (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1526, and Archduke of … Membership: Holy Roman Empire Association, Charter of the Holy Roman Empire Association, Heraldic Council of the Holy Roman Empire, Court of Nobility of the Holy Roman Empire, Council of the Holy Roman Empire Association, Free Imperial Cities of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial immediacy of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial Household of the Holy Roman Emperor, Powers and Titles of the Holy Roman Emperor, Order of the Ancient Nobility of the Four Emperors, Order of the Defeated Dragon - Ordo Draconum, Association of the Counts Arundell of Wardour, Jesus Christ - Jesus of Nazareth - Son of God, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV of Wittelsbach, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. King of Croatia, Dalmatia, Slavonia, and formally king of Serbia, Galicia (in Eastern Europe) and Lodomeria, etc. Ferdinand's aim, as a zealous Catholic, was to restore Catholicism as the only religion in the Empire and suppress Protestantism. etc. He married Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574-1616) 23 April 1600. This was, in effect, the beginning of the Thirty Years’ War. However, in November 1632 the Catholics were defeated in the Battle of Lützen (1632), where Gustavus Adolphus was himself killed. Watch later. In the wake of these Catholic military successes, in 1629 Ferdinand issued the Edict of Restitution, by which all the lands stripped from Catholics after the Peace of Passau of 1552 would be returned. Married her first cousin Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. He attempted to revive imperial authority in Germany and to restore Catholicism in his domain. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styria [now in Austria]—died February 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (1619–37), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (1617–19, 1620–27), and king of Hungary (1618–25). Soon, some of Ferdinand's allies began to complain about the excessive power exercised by Wallenstein, as well as the ruthless methods he used to finance his vast army. Yet, basing his policies chiefly on religious principles, he suffered from discrepancies between his religious goals and the maxims of a modern raison d’état. Former Director, Upper Austrian Provincial Archives, Linz. Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I (Spanish: Fernando I) (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1526, and Archduke of Austria from 1521 until his death in 1564. Their opposition forced Ferdinand in 1630 to dismiss Wallenstein, the mainstay of his power. Before his accession, he ruled the Austrian hereditary lands of the Habsburgs in the name of his elder brother, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Until then the war largely had been confined to Germany, but Swedish and, later on, French intervention turned it into a European conflict. Shopping. Shortly afterwards, he began the suppression of Protestantism in his territories. By promoting the Counter-Reformation, Ferdinand II set the course of Austrian Habsburg policy for the next century. From 1590 to 1595 he was educated at the University of Ingolstadt by Jesuits whose aim was to make him a strict, rigidly Catholic ruler. In 1596 he took over his hereditary lands and, after a pilgrimage to Loreto and Rome, set about suppressing Protestantism by forcing the great majority of his subjects to adopt the Roman Catholic faith. (Louis's father Henry IV of France had once been a Huguenot leader.) Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Modern historians tend to view Ferdinand’s religious policy as determined by his time, to acknowledge his importance in molding Austria’s provinces into an integral whole, and to see in his imperial policy an attempt at creating a Roman Catholic German state, however inconsistently carried out. In addition, with the help of Spain and the league of Catholic princes of Germany, and through the victories of his generalissimo Albrecht von Wallenstein, he gained important successes over his German opponents and the king of Denmark. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor - YouTube. In 1617, he was elected King of Bohemia by the Bohemian diet, in 1618, King of Hungary by the Hungarian estates, and in 1619, Holy Roman Emperor. In 1600 he married Maria Anna of Bavaria, who bore him four children. Copy link. Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Ferdinand I of Hungary) Ferdinand I (Spanish: Fernando I) (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from … Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), King of Bohemia (1617–1619, 1620–1637), and King of Hungary (1618–1625). Deutsch: Ferdinand II. Holy Roman Emperor from 15 February 1637 until his death, as well as King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria. By the late 1400s, the empire cover… Maximilian Ii (holy Roman Empire), Maximilian II (1527-1576) was Holy Roman emperor from 1564 to 1576. Ferdinand II, who had been married to his second wife, Eleonora Gonzaga of Mantua, since 1622, died in Vienna in 1637. By creating an independent Austrian court chancellery and by establishing in his will the principles of Austria’s indivisibility and of primogeniture in his family, he made an essential contribution to the country’s national integration. A period of minor operations followed, perhaps because of Wallenstein's ambiguous conduct, which ended with his assassination in 1634. In the following events he remained one of the staunchest backers of the Anti-Protestant Counter Reformation efforts as one of the heads of the German Catholic League. In 1625, despite the subsidies received from Spain and the Pope, Ferdinand was in a bad financial situation. He did not wish to uphold the religious liberties granted by the Letter of Majesty conceded, signed by the previous emperor, Rudolph II, which had guaranteed the freedom of religion to the nobles and the inhabitants of the cities. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor primary name: Ferdinand II other name: Holy Roman Emperor Details individual; ruler; Austrian; Male. Additionally, Ferdinand was an absolutist monarch and infringed several historical privileges of the nobles. In 1622, he married Eleonore of Mantua (Gonzaga) (1598–1655), the daughter of Duke Vincenzo I of Mantua and Eleonora de' Medici, at Innsbruck. Ferdinand’s Edict of Restitution (1629), which forced Protestants to return to the Roman Catholic church all property seized since 1552, revealed to the German princes the threat of imperial absolutism. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In order to muster an imperial army to continue the war, he applied to Albrecht von Wallenstein, one of the richest men in Bohemia: the latter accepted on condition that he could keep total control over the direction of the war, as well as over the booties taken during the operations. Share. About Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor Ausztria császára, Magyarország királya (1618-1637), Csehország (1617-1637) királya, német-római császár (1619-1637), Neveltetését nagyban meghatározta a katolikus hagyományok átvétele és a szigorú udvari protokoll kellő elsajátítása. The Further Austrian/Tyrolean line of Ferdinand's brother Archduke Leopold V survived until the death of his son Sigismund Francis in 1665, whereafter their territories ultimately returned to common control with the other Austrian Habsburg lands. His heart was interred in the Herzgruft (heart crypt) of the Augustinian Church, Vienna. In 1635 Ferdinand signed his last important act, the Peace of Prague (1635), yet this did not end the war. Though elected Holy Roman emperor on August 28, 1619, Ferdinand was able to maintain himself only with support from Spain, Poland, and various German princes. The Thirty Years' War On November 8, 1620, his troops, headed by Flemish general Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, with the help of Maximilian I, duke of Bavaria, crushed Frederick V’s rebel forces at the White Mountain, close to Prague. Genealogy profile for Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. He was the leading champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years’ War. Born in Graz in Styria on July 9, 1578, Ferdinand of Hapsburg was the son of Archduke Charles of inner Austria and Maria of Bavaria. Life dates 1578-1637. PEAKE(1874) p348 Ferdinand II..jpg 562 × 1,014; 331 KB. Ferdinand died in 1637, leaving to his son Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, an empire still engulfed in a war and whose fortunes seemed to be increasingly chaotic. Corrections? In the prime of his life Ferdinand was described as a blue-eyed, somewhat corpulent, middle-sized man who wore Spanish court dress. Tilly died in battle in 1632. 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