While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He was educated at Saint-Cyr and graduated in 1876. ), marshal of France and one of the most effective French military leaders of World War I. He commanded the French 5th army in the battle of the Marne in 1914, the eastern army in … - Albi, 3. srpnja 1942.) He suggested pursuing an offensive towards the Danube and then Austria-Hungary through Serbia, covering the left flank from the Austrians and the right flank from the German troops who could come from Ukraine. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Esperey (n. 25 mai 1856 , [1] [2] [3] [4] Mostaganem , Provincia Mostaganem , Algeria – d. 8 iulie 1942 , [1] [3] [4] [5] Albi , Midi-Pyrénées , Franța ) a fost un general francez în timpul primului război mondial . DOI: 10.15463/ie1418.11327. From April 1885 to May 1887, he served in the Tonkin region for two years, fighting against the Black Flag Army and taking part in the campaign along the Black River and the Red River. This decision also initiated the decrease of importance of the allied Army Command of the Orient and thus Franchet’s decline in power. He was created a marshal of France in 1921 and was elected to the French Academy in 1934. This text Mihaly Karolyi (1875-1955), leader of the Hungarian delegation, wanted to secure ambitious political clauses (coal delivering from Germany, Hungarian borders preserved and secured from Czechoslovak, German, Romanian, and Serbian offensives), which were all refused by Franchet, who imposed a path to round up August von Mackensen’s (1849-1945) army in Romania. Museedesetoiles.fr “Desperate Frankie” Led The Charge to Finally Liberate Serbia. The table provides a list of the major rulers of…. Following this decision, on 13 October, General Henri Berthelot (1861-1931), former head of the French military mission in Romania, transmitted to Franchet new instructions, ordering him firmly to focus on the liberation of Serbia, the occupation of Bulgaria, and the constitution of a defensive line on the Danube. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d’Esperey (Mostaganem, 25. svibnja 1856. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey (French pronunciation:[lwi feliks maʁi fʁɑ̃swa fʁɑ̃ʃɛ dɛpɛʁɛ]; Serbo-Croatian:[frǎnʃe deperê(ː)] (25 May 1856 – 8 July 1942) was a French general during World War I. Pronunciation of Louis Franchet d'Esperey, with and more for Louis Franchet d'Esperey,. Franchet d'Espèrey commande le groupe d’armées de l’Est en 1916, puis le groupe d’armées du Nord en 1917. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... …8, 1919, the French general Franchet d’Espèrey entered the city in a spectacle compared to the entrance of Mehmed the Conqueror in 1453—but this time signifying that Ottoman sovereignty over the imperial city was over. Fighting France by Lauzanne, Stéphane, 1874- - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. He was elected at the Académie Française to the seat of the Marshal Hubert Lyautey (1854-1934) in 1934. The Serbian and French forces under Franchet’s orders pursued a quick advance, Belgrade was freed on 1 November and on 3 November, Serbian troops occupied the Banat in Hungarian territory. At the outbreak of World War I, he was a corps commander at Lille. He also took part in the occupation of the Tonkin and the Annam. The Allies made plans to incorporate the provinces of eastern Anatolia into an independent Armenian…, General, title and rank of a senior army officer, usually one who commands units larger than a regiment or its equivalent or units consisting of more than one arm of the service. General Louis Felix Marie Francois Franchet d'Esperey (1856-1942) served in active field command positions in the French army during World War One on both Western and Balkan Fronts. He then became an army group commander (Eastern Army Group in March 1916, replacing General Augustin Dubail (1851-1934); Northern Army Group, replacing Marshal Ferdinand Foch (1851-1929) at the end of 1916 until 1918). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Franchet’s troops exploited the breakthrough and took 90,000 prisoners and tons of war material. Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, French general (d. 1942) June 14 – Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician (d. 1922) June 22 – H. Rider Haggard, English novelist (d. 1925) June 29 – Maria Cederschiöld, Swedish journalist (d. 1935) July–December Service Historique de la Défense-Terre, Vincennes, Dossier individuel, maréchaux, 5/1914-1918. Who's Who - Louis Franchet d'Esperey. Moreover, Guillaumat left him an Allied army with inter-allied cooperation on much firmer footing than in December 1917, when General Maurice Sarrail (1856-1929) was removed. At the Battle of the Marne he counter-attacked and reached the Aisne. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Franchet d'Espèrey was born in Mostaganem in French Algeria, the son of an officer of cavalry in the Chasseurs d'Afrique. Dictionary Collections Quiz Community Contribute He was educated at Saint-Cyr and graduated in 1876. He was the son of a cavalry officer and was educated at Saint-Cyr. Clemenceau had to accept giving a free hand to his allies (the Italians in Albania, the British against the Ottoman Empire), while the French would operate in the Danube, foreshadowing future spheres of influence. On 17 December, Berthelot landed in Odessa, but the intervention failed and Franchet had to recall Berthelot on 1 April 1919. ContentsBiographyLouis Franchet d'Esperey Net WorthDoes Louis Dead or Alive?FAQs Biography Louis Franchet d'Esperey is best known as a Military. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2018-12-18. Franchet was made marshal of France and voivode of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes in 1921. From April 1885 to May 1887, he served in the Tonkin region for two years, fighting against the Black Flag Army and taking part in the campaign along the Black River and th… Corrections? In the meantime, the Hungarians, who did not recognize the armistice of Villa Giusti between Italy and Austria-Hungary, asked Franchet for their own armistice on 7 November. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey (tiếng Pháp: [lwi feliks maʁi fʁɑ̃swa fʁɑ̃ʃɛ dɛpɛʁɛ]; tiếng Serbia-Croatia: [frǎnʃe deperê(ː)]; 25 tháng 5 năm 1856 – 8 tháng 7 năm 1942) là một vị tướng người Pháp trong Thế chiến I.Trong vai trò chỉ huy một đạo quân lớn … Franchet finally left the command of the allied Army of the Orient in March 1920. Scroll below to learn details information about Louis Franchet d'Esperey's salary, estimated earning, lifestyle, and Income reports. In March 1908, he finally became a general, commander of the 77th Brigade. Három kontinensen szolgált és tevékenyen részt vett az első világháború ütközeteiben több fronton is. In June, 1918, he took command at Thessaloníki, where the Allies were stalled. There he achieved the decisive victory (Sept. 15–29, 1918) that forced Bulgaria out of the war. He graduated from Saint-Cyr (1874-1876) where he was one of the best officers in his class. He was the head of the Allied Army of the Orient based at Salonica from June 1918 until the collapse of the Bulgarian front which lead to the Salonica Armistice. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey [franše despérej] (25. května 1856 Mostaganem – 8. července 1942 Saint-Amancet) byl francouzský generál, který se účastnil první světové války.Velel dohodovým vojskům na soluňské frontě, pod jejímž tlakem došlo ke kapitulaci Bulharska a později i Osmanské říše.29. Gwendal Piégais, Université de Bretagne Occidentale. – Saint-Amancet, 1942. július 8.) Early on, Franchet suggested opening a second front in the Balkans, a region he knew very well, and proposed a strategy, co-written with his chief-of-staff, Colonel Charles de Lardemelle (1867-1935), to Raymond Poincaré (1860-1934) when he visited the front in October 1914. He was first appointed to the 1st Tirailleurs Algériens and 1st Étranger in Algeria until 1885 (with a brief internship at the École Supérieure de Guerre). Service Historique de la Défense-Terre, Vincennes, Fonds privés, Fonds Franchet d’Espèrey: 1K mi 44, Carnets. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. May 25 Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, French general during WWI, born in Mostaganem, French Algeria (d. 1942) Jun 14 Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician (Markov Chain), born in Ryazan, Russian Empire (d. 1922) Jun 19 Elbert Hubbard, American editor, publisher and author (Message to Garcia), born in Bloomington, Illinois (d. 1915) Piégais, Gwendal: Franchet d'Espèrey, Louis Félix Marie François , in: 1914-1918-online. Back in France, he was successively appointed colonel, commanding the 60th Infantry Regiment in 1903, commander ad interim of the 77th Brigade, and chief of corps of the 29th, 143rd and 163rd Infantry Regiment. After the Franco-Serbian attack at Dobro Pole broke the enemy lines (15-18 September) and the Greco-British operations near Dojran Lake (18-19 September), the Bulgarian front collapsed. Louis-Félix-François Franchet d’Esperey, (born May 25, 1856, Mostaganem, Alg.—died July 8, 1942, Albi, Fr. Logistical constraints (communication and supply lines) made the operation difficult and both British and French governments wanted to withdraw troops from the Macedonian front to the benefits of the Western Front (in the French case) and Mesopotamia (in the British case). Find out information about Louis Franchet d'Espérey. Under the Fifth Republic, France’s current system, the head of state is the president, who is elected by direct universal suffrage. In June 1918, Franchet was appointed commander of the allied Army of the Orient. As the French fell back, Franchet d'Esperey led a counter-attack in the Battle of Guise that drove the Germans back and bought some time. His troops fought on the Meuse and the Aisne in an attempt to stem the German advance. His successful leadership resulted in his being promoted to command the eastern army group (March 1916) and later the northern army group (January 1917). Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-Felix-Francois-Franchet-dEsperey, Firstworldwar.com - Biography of Louis Franchet d'Esperey. Omissions? In August 1914, Franchet was at the head of the 1st Army Corps (Fifth Army), which he had been commanding since 1913. Louis-Félix-François Franchet d’Esperey, (born May 25, 1856, Mostaganem, Alg.—died July 8, 1942, Albi, Fr. 1856–1942, marshal of France. Franchet died in Saint-Amancet on 8 July 1942 and was buried in the Invalides. Genealogy profile for Louis Félix Franchet d'Esperey. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Driven by his interest in the “Eastern Question”, he traveled to the Balkans many times during his annual holiday and even met Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852-1925) in Trieste after a trip to Dalmatia. May 25 Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, French general during WWI, born in Mostaganem, French Algeria (d. 1942) Jun 14 Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician (Markov Chain), born in Ryazan, Russian Empire (d. 1922) Jun 19 Elbert Hubbard, American editor, publisher and author (Message to Garcia), born in Bloomington, Illinois (d. 1915) He even planned to constitute an army group to march on the Straits. Après avoir fait une partie de sa scolarité aux lycée Hoche et Sainte-Geneviève de Versailles, il sort de Saint-Cyr en 1876 et est affecté au 1 régiment de tirailleurs algériens. In line with the instructions of 13 October, Franchet was put in charge of southern Russia by Clemenceau and was ordered to intervene against the Bolsheviks in Crimea, an operation he disapproved of and judged too risky. He was responsible for driving Bulgaria out of the war, thereby opening the road to Vienna for the Allies. Discover Louis Franchet d'Esperey Net Worth, Salary, Biography, Height, Dating, Wiki. Louis Franchet d'Espèrey was a French general who took command of the Fifth Army at the end of August 1914, then commanded the Eastern Army Group and the Northern Army Group at the end of 1916. bio je maršal Francuske i počasni (peti po redu) vojvoda srpske i jugoslovenske kraljevske vojske. Service Historique de la Défense-Terre, Vincennes, Fonds privés, Fonds Franchet d’Espèrey: 1K162. Louis Franchet d’Espèrey, (Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d’Espèrey, Mostaganem, 1856. május 25. Due to the slowness of Romanian remobilization and troop movements, this maneuver could not be achieved. Battles, battlefields and campaigns, Western Front, Battles, battlefields and campaigns, Balkan peninsula, Franchet D'Espérey, Louis Félix Marie François, Franchet d'Espérey, Louis Félix Marie François, 1856-1942, Franchet d'Espèrey, Louis-Félix-Marie-François (1856-1942), Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852-1925). These plans were short-lived. Franchet d'Esperey, c1999: p. 12, etc. He then led a bold thrust to the Danube, resulting in the collapse of demoralized German divisions hurriedly sent back from Russia and the surrender of Hungary. He served in French Indochina, China (in the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, during which his cousin the German plenipotentiary Clemens von Ketteler was killed) and Morocco before 1914. As commander of the large Allied army based at Salonika, he conducted the successful Macedonian campaign, which caused the collapse of the Southern Front and contributed to the armistice. Until 1918, he remained attentive to the situation in Macedonia. He was first appointed to the 1st Tirailleurs Algériens and 1st Étranger in Algeria until 1885 (with a brief internship at the École Supérieure de Guerre). is licensed under: CC by-NC-ND 3.0 Germany - Attribution, Non-commercial, No Derivative Works. He reaped the benefits of the reforms and preparatory phase of tactics, logistics, instruction, and equipment organized by General Adolphe Guillaumat (1863-1940) for an offensive in September. At the Superior War Council’s session from 6-9 October, Franchet’s attitude was highly reviled by Prime Minister David Lloyd George (1863-1945) and the Italians, who criticized French control of the operations. He took the Fifth Army’s command, replacing General Charles Lanrezac (1852-1925) during Joseph Joffre’s (1852-1932) revisions at the end of August 1914. He graduated from Saint-Cyr (1874-1876) where he was one of the best officers in his class. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d’Espèrey a French General known as “Desperate Frankie”. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey was a French general during World War I. On 5 October, Franchet sent his plans to Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau (1841-1929). Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey (1856-1942) was born in Mostaganem, French Algeria. found: Gosa, Pierre. Franchet d'Espèrey was born in Mostaganem in French Algeria, the son of an officer of cavalry in the Chasseurs d'Afrique. He commanded the French 5th army in the battle of the Marne in 1914, the eastern army in 1916, and the northern army in 1917. In the meantime, Paris named Franchet Allied High Commissioner for the occupation of Constantinople, but the British had no intention of giving up the upper hand on the imperial city. Trained at Saint-Cyr, d’Esperey served during the prewar period in Algeria and Tunisia. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey, petit-fils de François Franchet d'Esperey, est né à Mostaganem (Algérie), en 1856. He participated in another campaign in Asia in 1900-1901, this time against the Boxer Rebellion. He dedicated his time to social activities for the Army of Africa through the Comité des Amitiés Africaines, which he founded in 1935. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Esperey (lwē fālēks´ märē´ fräNswä´ fräNshā´ dāpərā´), 1856–1942, marshal of France. ), marshal of France and one of the most effective French military leaders of World War I. Frequently, however, a general is a staff officer who does not command troops but who plans their operations in the…, During its long history, France has gone through numerous types of government. During the Allied Retreat in 1914 General Joffre replaced General Lanrezac, commander of the Fifth Army, with General Louis Franchet d'Esperey. He was responsible for driving Bulgaria out of the war, thereby opening the road to Vienna for the Allies. He served in French Indochina, China (in the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, during which his cousin the German plenipotentiary Clemens von Ketteler was killed) and Morocco before 1914. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey was a French general during World War I. Born 25 May 1856 in Mostaganem, French Algeria, Died 08 July 1942 in Saint-Amancet, France, Army of the Orient; Battle of the Marne; Constantinople; Dobro Pole; Macedonian Front; Salonica Front, General Franchet d’Espèrey; Marshal Franchet d’Espèrey, Franchet d'Espèrey, Louis Félix Marie François. Genealogy for Louis Félix Franchet d'Esperey (1856 - 1942) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. (Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Esperey; b. Unlike his predecessor, he decided to launch the main attack from the ridges held by the Bulgarians and not in the valleys or on the enemy’s flanks. Meanwhile Berthelot entered Romania to reorganize the Romanian army and reestablish communications with General Mikhail Alekseyev’s (1857-1918) army in southern Russia, a step that made French forces co-belligerents in the Russian Civil War. Updates? Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. While Guillaumat bet on the British element of the coalition and enjoyed the confidence of General George Milne (1866-1948), Franchet established stronger ties with the Serbians. Il perd son fils, Louis, sous-lieutenant d’infanterie, tué à Douaumont, et son frère, colonel commandant le 333 e Régiment d'Infanterie (lui restaient sa fille, Jacqueline, et sa sœur). francia tábornagy. But after a defeat by the Germans on the Chemin des Dames (a road between the Aisne and Ailette rivers in the Aisne district of northern France) in May 1918, d’Esperey was sent to command the polyglot Allied armies in Macedonia. He became inspector general of the troops in northern Africa in 1923 but had to retire after a car accident in 1933. At this point, Franchet again suggested launching an offensive toward Bohemia in cooperation with Italian troops to Clemenceau. He was named commander of the occupation forces in Morocco in 1912, taking part in the pacification of the newly created French protectorate. After brief service in Fontenay le Comte and Paris (1887-1890) as well as Tunisia (1890-1893), he became the ordonnance officer of Freycinet (Président du Conseil, War Minister) and served in the garrisons of Toul, Stenay, and Nancy. Within a few days, Bulgaria asked for an armistice, which was signed in Salonica on 29 September 1918, ending Bulgaria's participation in the First World War. Louis Félix Marie François Franchet d'Espèrey (1856-1942) was born in Mostaganem, French Algeria. Louis Franchet d’Esperey was a French General who was career military man. May 25, 1856; d. 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